ࡱ> Iz( / 0DArialngsl/(0(B 0 DCentury Gothic(0(B 0 " DWingdingsthic(0(B 0 @ .  @n?" dd@  @@``  #!      ! 0AA 3fff̙f@5ʚ;ʚ;g4kdkd@B 0@ppp@ <4ddddlpC 0D/ <4BdBdlhG 0<4!d!dlhG 00___PPT10 r___PPT9TL(<<(,<<,,,,, ( 8 H4(4<<(Dn#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$ Michael Slavney, FAICP 26 years of practice in 32 states Specializing in Comprehensive Planning & Development Review Currently the Staff Planner for 25 Towns, Villages and Cities Vandewalle & Associates Madison & Milwaukee 608-255-3988 mslavney@vandewalle.com |9P f9f#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$ZRelation to Water Quality and Energy: Overall, as density goes up, so does water quality & energy efficiency  because the total area being impacted by development goes down A key strategy for water quality and energy, then, is to ensure that edge development has: Relatively high density (avg. of 5 to 10 d.u./ac.) Ability to expand in a compact manner Detailed requirements for water quality Successful approaches are emerging & ̙#̙ &$ #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Density: Density is the key to: Reducing overall environmental impact Reducing adverse impacts on ag. economy Reducing overall energy use Reducing local taxes Preserving rural character Reducing intergovernmental conflict This strategy applies in both sewered and on-site areasl  ̙8 8 #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$UDensity in the Region: East Central Region faces key density issues: Accommodating Long-Term Population Growth Responding to Evolving Housing Needs Sustaining & Enhancing the Agricultural Economy Rural Character Preservation Managing Growing Traffic Congestion Bolstering Central City Viability Addressing Water Quantity & Quality ChallengesJ.̙.#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$sWhy are decisions about Edge Growth critical? Location of most greenfield development Location of most rapid land use change Location of most rapid traffic increase Location of widest density choices Location of most NIMBY controversy Location of most intergovernmental conflict Most effective location for doing things smarter Easiest location for doing things smarter P.Df .D#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$East-Central Wisconsin Region: One of three prime growth areas in the state: 2005 Estimated Population: 636,974 2030 Straight Line Projection: 768,571 2055 Straight Line Projection: 905,651 Three urban centers  challenges & opportunities: Appleton / Outagamie in 2055: 220,179 Oshkosh / Winnebago in 2055: 188,641 Fond du Lac in 2055: 114,498.fr̙Ufj̙.rSj #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$ East-Central Wisconsin Region -- currently: Excellent Locational Advantages: At the edge of the Midwest Macropolitan Area Proximity to  big city amenities & recreation Highly-productive agricultural economy Outstanding Quality of Life: Diverse community characteristics & choices High-quality educational opportunities Dynamic and diverse employment market Healthy and safe central cities,!f" ̙f" ̙,! #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$East-Central Wisconsin Region  Key Trends: Demographics are the Key Engine of Change: The overall population is aging Average family size is shrinking Increasing instances of  brain drain dispersion of most talented young people Retiring baby boomers  many are active, healthy, adventurous, prosperous, choosey and mobile -- and are not tied to their long-time home, neighborhood or communityT,+f5" ̙,+5#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$TEast-Central Wisconsin Region  Key Trends: Economics are the Second Engine of Change: Incomes are spreading  Middle Class is shrinking relative to both ends Career-long job in 1 company is disappearing Retirement not a corporate responsibility Increasing prevalence of acquisitions and franchises -- with distant headquarters Best jobs are migrating to best workers  moving to a shrinking pool of  most vibrant metro areasT,+fT" ̙,+T#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$.East-Central Wisconsin Region  Key Trends: Development is the Key Engine of Choice: Declining residential densities -- sprawl Increasing segregation of land use Increasing segregation of housing types Dispersion of major employment & shopping Increasing traffic congestion with few options  Boxing-In of central cities Emerging water quality and supply issues Destruction of farmland & ag. infrastructure T,)fC" ̙,)C#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$NEast-Central Wisconsin Region  Key Trends: The Challenge  Current development trends are in the wrong direction to address emerging demographic and economic trends Most other growing metro areas are facing similar challenges  with a range of strategies This presentation outlines an evolving approach for addressing this challenge  with a focus on edge development  where many of the most important decisions are made h,{f" ̙,6@#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Multi-Faceted Strategy for Metro Areas: Reduce Competitive Sprawl Support Higher Density Development Address Long-Range Transportation System Enact Broad Environmental Protection Coordinate with Neighboring Governments Position Regional Economics Move Toward Sustainability P(qf (#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Reduce Competitive Sprawl: Competitive Sprawl: Local governments planning, promoting and subsidizing edge development in an effort to capture vacant lands before neighboring municipalities do so. Often involves substantial development subsidies for infrastructure by the general taxpayers Tends to result in lower density development Tends to result in leap-frog development patterns Tends to be a never-ending effort X   #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Reduce Competitive Sprawl: Emerging Approach: Comprehensive Plans mapping planned development areas based on realistic 25-year population projections and depicting 50 years of development area Separation of planned development areas in neighboring municipalities to reduce tension Reservation of very-long term development areas for development on public utilities Adoption & re-adoption of boundary agreementsFm" m#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$vSupport Higher Density Development: Higher Density Development: Development that responds to nationwide demographic changes in household composition by reducing lot sizes, providing a wider range of residential choices, and a mix of residential and other uses in neighborhoods and downtowns.  The Nelsons & Cleavers -- 2/3rds down to 1/3rd ! Delayed marriage age, smaller families & healthier seniors Higher land prices and development costs X$$.h #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Support Higher Density Development: Emerging Approaches: Use of  Planned Neighborhoods versus specific residential types in Comprehensive Plans Allowing upper floor residential development in office and commercial zoning districts Facilitating traditional neighborhoods with alleys Imposing minimum density requirements and maximum lot sizes in new residential areas: Minimum 5 to 7 dwellings per acre on sewers Maximum 2 to 2.5 acre lot on septic$8" P" $  %      #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Density and Land Consumption: Additional 270,000 persons in just next 50 years: at average density of: 5 acre lots requires 584,000 acres 1 acre lots requires 117,000 acres 3 homes / ac. requires 39,000 acres 5 homes / ac. requires 23,000 acres 7 homes / ac. requires 17,000 acres We have a rural sprawl challenge  that requires an urban development solutionJQJ    #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Density and Energy Use: Additional  best-case multiple daily trip length: vs. a typical urban density of 5 homes / acre: 5 acre lots requires 5.0 times mileage 1 acre lots requires 2.2 times mileage 3 homes / ac. requires 1.3 times mileage 5 homes / ac. requires -- 7 homes / ac. requires 0.8 times mileage We have a rural sprawl challenge  that requires an urban development solutioncQc     #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Address Long-Range Transportation: Long-Range Transportation: Consideration of pedestrian, bicycle, motor vehicle and transit networks for the next 50 to 100 years  including retrofitting facilities in already developed areas. As metro areas approach 500,000 persons, road improvements cannot overcome congestion Interchanges are typical worst congestion spots Highways & Town Roads within the exurban band become most notably worse Road expansions and pedestrian, bicycle and transit retrofits are controversial & expensive\#ZZ*Z#| #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Address Long-Range Transportation: Emerging Approaches: Comprehensive Plans and Official Maps include wider and future roads, pedestrian, bicycle and transit networks  including retrofits Long-Range Official Mapping by Counties, Cities, Villages and Towns. Throughout Metro Counties: Highways at 120 rights-of-way or per detailed plan Town  Mile Roads at 100 rights-of-way Annexation Agreements, Development Agreements and Subdivision & Zoning Ordinances require compliance with Official Maps#ZZ" Z\" Zx" Z#\ x #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$jEnact Broad Environmental Protection: Broad Environmental Protection: Protection of surface and groundwater quantity & quality, including adjacent upland features sensitive to development  wetlands, floodplains, slopes, drainageways, shorelands & woods. As metro areas approach 500,000 persons drinking water supply is threatened Substantial increase in flooding Community loses proximity to green space  most rapidly in exurban band B&&#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Enact Broad Environmental Protection: Emerging Approaches: Mapping and protection of Environmental Corridors including all sensitive features Strong focus on upstream stormwater infiltration Early adoption of water supply monitoring and conservation practices  not limited to droughts Growing emphasis on the preservation of open space networks  adding recreation benefits |&<" &  #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Coordinate with Neighboring Governments: Coordinate: Mutually-acceptable plans, ideally implemented by intergovernmental agreements. Turnover of local government officials and staff often results in cycles of territorial conflict Generally, current elected bodies can overturn decisions of preceding elected bodies Certain developers, lawyers and planners are highly-skilled at creating territorial angst  leading to aggressive annexation Resolution requires a win  win solution B)\_)\_#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Coordinate with Neighboring Governments: Emerging Approaches: Best approach to counter-act recurring tendency towards competitive sprawl Intergovernmental Agreements typically are binding for 20 years  with amendment clause Intergovernmental Agreements typically include a 5-year review cycle and Year 15 renewal effort Best agreement limit annexations & rural dev.F)1" )1 #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Position Regional Economics: Regional Economics: The diverse mix of resources, labor and capital that create unique economic assets and deficits for a region. Regions must compete in a national and international economic arena Leveraging unique regional resources is the most effective approach to being competitive East-Central Wisconsin: Strong central cities, best farmland for growing basic people food, multiple centers reduces congestion and water management challenges (for now)HZZGZG #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Position Regional Economics: Emerging Approaches: Focus on Key Unique Regional Advantages: Invest in central city downtowns, aging commercial & industrial areas, and older neighborhoods Aggressively (and permanently) preserve productive farmlands & agricultural infrastructure Aggressively protect sensitive resources Aggressively protect roadway capacity Plan for and link constellation of cities and villages with multiple transportation choices (bike, transit)^)" u)u   #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Move Toward Sustainability: Sustainability: Practices that allow development to have a minimal cumulative impact on social, economic and environmental systems. Current development practices throughout the United States are rarely sustainable Traditional property rights and short-term economic philosophies are counter to sustainability  we are no longer a frontier society Sustainable development patterns require a consideration of quality of life for all B,,"#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Move Toward Sustainability: How many generations do we need room for? How many people will we need to feed? Will a high quality of life be increasingly available only to the wealthy?*!#An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Move Toward Sustainability: Eliminate border wars resulting in rush to sprawl Substantially reduce rate of land consumption Substantially reduce length of regular trips Promote & subsidize infill and redevelopment, not edge development Share the financial windfalls of selling land for development with those preserving open space Share the responsibility of accommodating low income housing & special needs populations 0 #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$ZRelation to Water Quality and Energy: Overall, as density goes up, so does water quality & energy efficiency  because the total area being impacted by development goes down A key strategy for water quality and energy, then, is to ensure that edge development has: Relatively high density (avg. of 5 to 10 d.u./ac.) Ability to expand in a compact manner Detailed requirements for water quality Successful approaches are emerging & ̙#̙ &$ #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$Density: Density is the key to: Reducing overall environmental impact Reducing adverse impacts on ag. economy Reducing overall energy use Reducing local taxes Preserving rural character Reducing intergovernmental conflict This strategy applies in both sewered and on-site areasl  ̙8 8 #An Evolving Approach to Edge Growth$$UDensity in the Region: East Central Region faces key density issues: Accommodating Long-Term Population Growth Responding to Evolving Housing Needs Sustaining & Enhancing the Agricultural Economy Rural Character Preservation Managing Growing Traffic Congestion Bolstering Central City Viability Addressing Water Quantity & Quality ChallengesJ.̙.Q  ` 33` Sf3f` 33g` f` www3PP` ZXdbmo` \ғ3y`Ӣ` 3f3ff` 3f3FKf` hk]wwwfܹ` ff>>\`Y{ff` R>&- {p_/̴>?" dd@$?" dd@   f" @f ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>> e](    6  `}  QEvolving Approach to Edge Dev   0D  `  RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     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